流感病毒的实验室检测方法及进展

Laboratorial methods and progresses of detecting influenza viruses

流行性感冒（流感）是由流感病毒引起的急性呼吸道传染病，其在人群中蔓延快，且具有高发病率及致死率的特点。流感的诊断不仅要根据临床症状和体征，其确诊还有赖于实验室检查。流感病毒的检测技术大致分为4个方面，即病毒分离培养、血清学诊断、现代免疫学诊断及分子生物学诊断。现分别从以上几个方面对流感病毒实验室检测方法及进展进行综述。

Influenza viruses cause an acute respiratory disease that spreads epidemically in the human population. Character of Influenza is high morbidity and mortality. Diagnosis of influenza depends on not only clinicial symptoms and sings but also laboratorial detections. Viral culture andisolation, serodiagnosis, immumolo-gical assay and molecularbiological diagnosis are four methods that commonly useded for influenza virus detection. Laboratorial methods and progresses of detecting influenza viruses are summarized in the following text.