改良法与传统法下肢静脉造影术的对照研究

The comparative study of conventional and innovative phlebographies in lower extremity

目的对比使用静脉留置针经皮穿刺大隐静脉下肢静脉造影术(改良法),与静脉头皮针经皮穿刺足背浅静脉下肢静脉造影术(传统法)对下肢静脉病变的临床诊断价值。方法30例(34条患肢)先后采用传统法和改良法进行下肢静脉造影,并比较两者检查结果。结果改良法对髂总静脉、隐股静脉瓣膜和股浅静脉第一对瓣膜的显示率为100%,100%和91.18%;传统法分别为32.35%、73.53%和64.71%。在下肢浅静脉曲张和慢性肿胀患者中改良法诊断髂静脉受压综合征、隐股静脉瓣膜功能不全和股浅静脉第一对瓣膜功能不全的例数分别为14,25和21;传统法分别为3,14和12。两者比较均有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论改良法下肢静脉造影术对发现是否存在髂静脉受压及对隐股静脉瓣膜和股浅静脉第一对瓣膜功能的判断比传统法具有优势,是对传统法静脉造影很好的补充,可部分替代经皮穿刺股静脉造影术。

Objective The clinical values of conventional phlebography via percutaneous dorsal pedal vein access with scalp puncture was compared with innovative phlebography via a percutaneous great saphenous approach with retained catheter in lower extremity for detection of venous diseases. Methods Conventional and innovative phlebographies in lower extremity were performed in 34 suffering lower extremities of 30 patients, and the efficacy of the two methods was compared in demonstrating the venous diseases in lower extremities. Results The rates of vascular display of the c.ommon iliac vein , the valve of saphenous-femoral vein and the first couple valve of femoral vein were 100%, 100% and 91.18% respectively with innovative phlebography while the rates of vascular display were 32.25% , 73.53% and 64.71% respectively with conventional phlebography. Iliac vein compression syndrome （IVCS）, venous valvular disfunction of saphenous-femoral vein and the venous valvular disfunction of the first couple valve of femoral vein were shown in 14, 25 and 21 cases respectively by innovative phlebography, and in 3, 14 and 12 cases respectively by conventional phlebography in patients suffering from varicose veins and chronic swelling of the lower extremities. There was significant difference between the innovative and conventional phlebographies（P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion The innovative phlebography possesses a higher efficacy in diagnosing IVCS, venous valvular disfunctions of saphenous-femoral vein and the first couple valve of femoral vein compared with conventional method. It would be an alternative method to the conventional one or percutaneous femoral venous approach.