DNA分子标记技术在濒危物种保护中的应用

Application of DNA molecular markers in endangered species conservation

近20年来,随着分子生物学技术的迅猛发展,涌现出一批高效、可靠的DNA分子标记技术。本文论述了限制性片段长度多态性、微卫星DNA、随机扩增多态性DNA、扩增片段长度多态性等DNA分子标记技术的基本原理及技术特点;同时,介绍了DNA分子标记在濒危物种种群遗传学研究、致危因素分析及保护策略的制定等保护生物学方面的应用。

With the development of techniques in molecular biology, many high-efficient and reliable DNA molecular markers came forth in succession in past twenty years. In this paper, the basic principals and technical characteristics of restricted fragment length polymorphism （RFLP）, microsatellites polymorphism/simple sequence repeat （SSR）, random amplified polymorphic DNA （RAPD）, and amplified fragment length polymorphism （AFLP） were summarized, and the application of DNA molecular markers in conservation biology, e. g. , in the studies of population genetics of endangered species, factors causing danger, and conservation strategies, was also introduced.