基于重力模型的中国城市体系空间联系与层域划分

Study on spatial relations of Chinese urban system:Gravity Model Approach

新中国成立以来,中国大陆城市体系空间格局发生了深刻的变化。传统的城市体系空间联系主要从人流、物流、技术流、信息流、金融流进行数据的收集和分析,也有运用图论原理进行Rd链分析。近来,随着社会主义市场经济的迅速发展,城市之间的联系变得异常复杂、数据不易得到。本文试图运用重力模型方法对中国城市间的空间联系强度进行定量计算,据此刻画中国城市体系的空间联系状态和结节区结构。从研究结果看,所得结论与实际情况基本吻合。

During the past 50 years, profound changes took place in the field of spatial structure of Chinese urban system. This paper will focus on the spatial relations （including network relations and territorial relations） in the inner urban system, and classify the ranks of spatial combination areas of Chinese urban system with different values of Distance Friction Coefficients b. Concerning Chinese urban system, two major regions （1^st grade urban system） and seven sub-regions （2^nd grade urban system） have formed, the Southern Major Region centralized with Shanghai and the northern one with Beijing. The Southern Major Region consists of four 2^nd grade regional urban systems including the Shanghai System （Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui and Fujian）, Wuhan System （Hunan, Hubei and Jiangxi）, Guangzhou System （Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan） and Chongqing System （Chongqing, Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou and Tibet）. The Northern Major Region consists of three 2^nd grade regional urban systems including the Beijing System （Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Henan, Shandong, Shanxi, Shaanxi and Mongolia）, Shenyang-Harbin System （Liaoning, Jilin and Heilongjiang） and Lanzhou-Urumqi System （Gansu, Ningxia, Qinghai and Xinjiang）. Besides, 64 local urban systems （3^rd grade） have formed in the Chinese urban system, among which the 3^rd Grade Shanghai System covers Wuxi, Ningbo, Hangzhou and Jinhua Systems, and the 3^rd Grade Beijing System includes Beijing System and Datong System.