小麦高产育种中产量性状的相关及其改良

Correlation and Improvement of Yield Traits in Breeding of High yielding Wheat Cultivars

把山东省及黄淮麦区建国以来小麦品种产量性状的演变与当前高产新品种（系）相应性状的研究结合起来，从性状的灰色关联度、选择指数、多元回归及相关通径分析等不同角度进行了综合分析。随着品种产量水平的提高，穗重发挥着日益重要的作用，而影响穗重的主要因素是千粒重。不同类型的高产品种可以有不同的产量构成模式。对于如何协调产量性状之间的关系，抓往改良重点，提高选择效率等问题进行了讨论。

Both evolutionary trend and present state of the yield traits were studied, with cultivars grown in Shandong province as well as Huang Huai winter wheat region historically and presently.From the comprehensive analysis of different methods,it could be found that grain weight per spike became more and more important in breeding of high yielding wheat cultivars,and the 1000 grain weight was the main factor affecting the grain weight per spike.The composition patterns of yield components varied with different types of wheat cultivars. Following important questions were discussed in the paper:how to make yield traits congruent with each other, how to put emphasis on the key points of variety improvements,and how to raise selection efficiency etc.