海洛因成瘾致大鼠脑损伤机制的探讨

STUDY ON THE MECHANISM OF BRAIN LESIONS IN HEROIN-ADDICTED RATS

目的:从形态学上研究海洛因成瘾致大鼠脑损伤的机制。方法:采用递增法人为建立海洛因成瘾动物模型,设对照组和模型组,取2组大白鼠前额皮质、海马、下丘脑等部位脑组织做电镜观察。结果:海洛因成瘾大白鼠脑内多部位神经元胞体、轴突、树突都出现变性、胀亡、凋亡等超微病理结构改变;星形胶质细胞增生肥大,亦可见退变星形胶质细胞;广泛性出现血脑屏障(BBB)通透性增加的超微结构变化,BBB周围星形胶质细胞水肿。对照组电镜超微结构影像正常。结论:海洛因成瘾可通过直接损害神经元、星形胶质细胞以及BBB的通透性改变等方面损伤脑组织。

Objective.. The study on the changes of ultrastruct.ures in the brain tissues of heroin-addicted rats were done in order to make clear the mechanism of brain lesions which have been made by heroin. Methods： By appling the method of gradual increase of dosuge, rats were given subcutaneous injection of heroin and the addiction model was established. The rats were divided into a control group and a model group. The brain tissues from the animals of the two groups were observed by electron microscope. Result. Degeneration and necrosis,apoptosis were found in the neuronal somas, axons, dendrites of the heroin-addicted rats brains. Astrocytes showed hyperplasia and hypertrophy. Meanwhile, the degenerative atrocytes were also found. A series of ultrastruetural changes of permeability-increase of blood-brain barrier （BBB） of heroinaddicted rats existed. The glial perivascular feet and astrocytes surrounding the basement membrance were swollen. Ultrastructural image in the brain of the control group was normal. Conclusion： The lesions of brain tissue which were made by heroin addiltion are probably the result of direction role, hyperplasia and hypertrophy astrocytes, and permeability-incerased of BBB.