环硅氧烷开环聚合反应的机理及动力学研究

Study on Mechanism and Kinetics for Ring-Opening Polymerization of Cyclosiloxane

环硅氧烷在亲核或亲电催化剂、温度或辐射作用下,可开环聚合生成线型聚硅氧烷,聚合方法主要有本体聚合和乳液聚合。本体聚合可分为阴离子聚合和阳离子聚合,阴离子聚合就是在碱性催化剂(亲核试剂)作用下,使环硅氧烷开环聚合成线型聚硅氧烷的过程;阳离子聚合就是环硅氧烷在酸性催化剂(亲电试剂)作用下的开环聚合反应。乳液聚合则是单体和水(或其它分散介质)并用乳化剂配成乳液状态进行聚合,按所采用的乳化剂种类不同,主要有阴离子型和阳离子型两种类型。本文总结了近几年国内外环硅氧烷本体聚合和乳液聚合的开环聚合机理及动力学研究情况,并对今后此方面的研究进行了展望。

Cyclosiloxanes are converted into linear polysiloxane by the action of nucleophilic or electrophilic catalyst, temperature and radiation. The polymerization method is bulk polymerization and emulsion polymerization. Bulk polymerization can be divided into anionic polymerization and cationic polymerization. Anionic polymerization is that cyclosiloxanes are converted into linear polysiloxane by basic catalyst （nucleophilic agent ）. Cationic polymerization process is performed by acidic catalyst （electrophilic agent）. Emulsion polymerization is polymerized by monomer, water （or other disperse medium） and emulsifying agent. According to emulsifying agent type, emulsion polymerization can also be mainly divided into anionic and cationic type. This review introduces the study on mechanism and kinetics for ring-opening polymerization of bulk polymerization and emulsion polymerization of cyclosiloxane, and at last analyzes the developing trends.