工作记忆模型的第四个组成部分——情景缓冲器

The Fourth Component of the Working Memory Model—the Episodic Buffer

工作记忆的提出迄今已有30多年的历史了,随着实验方法和技术的发展对工作记忆的研究取得了很大的突破,但在很多问题上仍存在争议,特别是在工作记忆与长时记忆、语音回路与视空间模板的联结上的解释还有许多不足。基于此,Baddeley于2000年提出了工作记忆模型的第四个组成部分——情景缓冲器(episodic buffer)。情景缓冲器是一个容量有限的暂时贮存多种编码信息的装置,它受中央执行系统的控制,而中央执行系统能够通过意识觉察从存贮中提取信息,反映信息,在必要的时候能够修正信息。新的工作记忆模型更加完整,更加有解释力。

The concept of working memory has been proposed for about 30 years. With the development of the experimental method and technique, the research on working memory has been improved greatly, but still remains controversial in many issues especially deficiency m the interpretation of the link of working memory and long-term memory, phonological loop and visuospatial sketchpad. On the basis of this. Baddeley proposed the fourth component of the working memory model- the episodic buffer in 2000. In this new model, he assumed the episodic buffer of working memory to be a limited capacity temporary storage system capable of integrating information from a variety of sources, and to be controlled by the central executive capable of retrieving information from the store in the form of conscious awareness, of reflecting on that information and, where necessary, of manipulating and modifying it. The new working memory model is complete and provides betten explanation.