多车型高速公路离散平衡网络设计的双层规划模型

Bi-level Program Model for Multi-type Freeway Discrete Equilibrium Network Design

为了建立高速公路新建路段的科学决策方法,将新建路段的位置、容量与收费费率的确定纳入一个决策过程,利用双层规划理论建立多车型高速公路离散平衡网络设计问题的优化模型。上层规划中将路网管理者(政府)作为绝对领导者,经营者的财务目标以及投资上限作为实现系统最优的约束条件。下层规划采用文中提出的多车型多准则用户均衡模型,考虑了不同车型道路使用者路径选择行为的差异性,从而更准确地描述了路网中的流量分布形态。最后以一个算例对模型的效果进行了验证说明。结果表明:应用该模型可同时优化出新建路段的位置、容量以及各路段的分车型收费费率。

Aiming to establish a scientific decision-making method for the new road section construction in freeway, authors attempted to integrate the decisions on position, capacity of new road sections and the corresponding network toll rate into one optimal process, and presented a bi-level program model for the multi-types discrete equilibrium network design problem. The up level program enacts the road manager as the absolute leader of the decision, and enacts the operators＇ financial goals and upper limit of investment as the constraints to achieve optimum system. The low level program uses the multi-types multi-criterions user equilibrium model proposed in this paper, which could predict the network traffic flow pattern more accurate by considering the otherness of different vehicle type users in route choice behaviors. Finally, a numerical example was presented to illustrate the benefit of this model. Result shows that the proposed model can optimize the position and capacity of the pre-build road segments, and the toll rate of the road sections simultaneously.