我国城镇基本养老保险个人账户定位剖析

The Orientation on Individual Account of Basic Pension Insurance in China

我国基本养老保险个人账户资金规模要适度,由劳动与社会保障部统一管理。为提高职工缴费的积极性,关键在于提高个人账户的收益率,实现有效保值增值。我国基本养老保险个人账户的"空账"实质是以不明晰的债权形式存在。当前所讨论的"做实"个人账户,实质是个人账户资产存在形式的转换。对于历史"空账",不应该立即"做实",而应比较机会成本与效益,逐步"做实"。而对于新缴纳的个人账户资金,则应明晰产权,不能随便挪用,但当统筹基金不足时,可以有偿使用。个人账户待遇以自身平衡为原则。

The optimum-scale is necessary for Individual Retirement Account of basic pension insurance in China, which must be uniformly managed by Labor and Social Department. Practicing to stimulate the workers＇ enthusiasm of joining the system, it is the key to improve the return of the individual account funds, preserving and increasing the funds＇ value. In fact, the ＂empty account＂ of the Individual Account is in the form of unclear debt. The essence of turning the＂empty account＂ to＂ full account＂ is to transform the property from one form to another. As far as historical＂ empty account＂, it is not necessary to make full of it immediately, and we should do it step by step by comparing the funds＇ opportunity cost and Individual Account funds＇ investment return. The new Individual Account after present pension insurance reform must be full account＂, but when the unified planning funds is deficient, the Social Department can make use of it at the cost of market interests. Individual Account treatment should balance itself.