余水位及潮汐差分方法

Residual water level and tide difference method

从潮汐调和分析的原理出发,由精度分析入手,论证了潮汐调和分析参数取值的限度问题,指出在保证不损失精度的前提下,取13个参变量为最佳取值。据潮汐调和分析预报原理和余水位的概念,利用观测和预报的相关关系,总结了潮汐预报的四大特点,详细论证和阐述了余水位7种特性,并利用实际算例,证明了这7种特性的存在,在此基础上提出了相关潮位站潮汐差分的思想,以实例验证了潮汐差分的可行性,给出了潮汐差分数学模型和潮汐差分方法以及潮汐差分的用途,利用余水位的特性准确地进行潮位反演和提高了短期预报潮位的精度。

Tidal harmonic analysis is an important method of tide feature analysis and tide predictions, but it has been a difficult issue for a long time. From the principle of tidal harmonic analysis, this paper, starting with position analysis, demonstrates the parameters selection limit problems of tidal harmonic analysis, and points out that it is best to select 13 parameters under the precondition of not losing precision. Based on the principle of tidal harmonic analysis prediction and the concept of residual water level, and using the correlativity of observation and predictions, 4 points of tide prediction are summarized and 7 specialties of residual water level are particularly demonstrated and expatiated. And using the real computing examples, the existence of these 7 specialties was proved. And on all of these, the ideas of the tide difference of correlation tide station are brought forward, and the feasibility of tide difference is validated by real examples. The tide difference math modal and tide difference method, as well as the utilizes of tide difference are given out, and using the specialties of residual water level, the tide level inversion is more exactly done and the precision of short time tide predictions is improved.