复杂岩溶隧道突水突泥防灾报警系统设计

Design of disaster-preventing and alarm system for water gushing and mud outburstin complex karst tunnels

2006年1月21日,宜万铁路马鹿箐隧道突发大规模突水突泥,造成了重大经济损失和人员伤亡,从而引起了部各级领导的高度重视。宜万铁路是在建的地质条件最为复杂的线路之一,隧道工程多发育岩溶,具有突发性突水突泥的可能,修建风险大。为了进一步规避施工风险,减少施工过程发生突水突泥造成经济损失和人员伤亡,设计中根据隧道工程地质、水文地质,以及隧道工程特征,对岩溶隧道进行了风险等级划分,并针对Ⅰ级风险隧道进行突水突泥防灾报警系统设计(系统包括预测预报、注浆堵水、安全逃生三个方面),该设计在国内外尚属首次,设计成果在宜万铁路进行了应用,并取得了一定的成效。

In Maluqing tunnel on Yichang -Wanzhou railway there broke out sudden water gushing and mud outburst on 21 January 2006. The disaster caused great economic lose and personnel casualty which attracted the concern of the railway authorities. Yichang - Wanzhou railway is one that features complex geologic conditions. Tunnel projects on this line often encounter karsts which involve the possibility of water gushing and mud outburst and they are built with high risks. To avoid the risks and to decrease the economic lose and personnel casualty in the construction, in the design the risks are classified for karst tunnels according to engineering geologic, hydrology geologic and tunnel conditions. For the first risk category tunnels the design of disaster - preventing and alarm systems includes disaster forecast, water -stopping through grouting and safe evacuation. The design is the first one both at home and abroad which was applied on Yichang -Wanzhou railway with good results obtained.