中国西部10省市农村3岁以下儿童贫血状况分析

Analysis on the status of anemia among children under 3 years old in 10 provinces in western China

目的根据项目地区儿童血红蛋白的测量结果,了解中国西部农村3岁以下儿童的贫血状况,筛选相关因素进行分析并制定干预措施。方法采用分层随机抽样法,于2005年对中国西部10省46个项目县的9616名3岁以下儿童及其家庭进行调查和血红蛋白测定。应用SPSS 11.5统计软件完成所有资料分析。根据世界卫生组织和联合国儿童基金会提出6月龄至6岁以下儿童血红蛋白<110 g/L的儿童贫血诊断标准。结果中国西部10省项目地区3岁以下儿童贫血患病率为33.8%,儿童贫血随月龄变化,12～18月龄是3岁以下儿童贫血患病率的高峰,以后贫血患病率随月龄增加而下降;多因素logistic回归分析显示,儿童月龄、性别、民族、母亲贫血、生长迟缓、铁锅做饭和单独为儿童做饭与儿童贫血有统计学联系。结论应针对相关影响因素开展干预措施,降低西部农村地区儿童的贫血患病率。

Objective To analyze the status of anemia among children under 3 years old from western China based on the data gathered from the project area. Methods 9616 children under 3 years old and their families were investigated, using stratified random sampling method in 46 counties in western China. To measure the content of haemoglobin by cyanmethemoglobin and hemocue, under the diagnostic criterion as 110 g/L for child aged 6 months to 6 years old, proposed by WHO and UNICEF. Results The overall prevalence of anemia among child under 3 years old in ten provinces was 33.8 % . Prevalence of anemia varied along with age differences. The peak of anemia prevalence was 12-18 months. The related risk of anemia between mother and child was 3. 271. Data from logistic regression showed that mother being anemic, cooking with iron pan, cooking for child separate from adults and gender had statistical significance to their children＇s anemia. Conclusion The feasible measures should be developed to reduce the prevalence of anemia.