阿拉伯帝国为何没能产生重商主义?

Why Arabic Empire Hadn’t Developed Mercantilism?

从比较经济史的角度看,重商主义的兴起为近代欧洲崛起、资本主义制度的确立奠定了基础;而阿拉伯帝国也曾具有某些发展重商主义的历史条件。社会结构的剧变导致经济模式的改变和重农主义的崛起。"哈里发"制度既不能有效动员体制内力量进行国际竞争,又无法与体制外力量建立联盟——像西欧一样发展产业城市、市民阶层。反对重利的伊斯兰经济伦理与由利己主义衍生出的重商主义格格不入。所有这些物质和精神上的动因相互作用,共同决定了阿拉伯帝国难以发展出西方意义上的重商主义。

Mercantilism played an important role in the rise of modem Europe and the establishment of Capitalism. Arabic Empire also got some beneficial conditions; however, because of the influences of geography, society, economy, policy, religion and ethics, at last, it hadn＇t developed classical mercantilism. By the use of historical movement analyzing method and comparative analyzing method, we will firstly study the intension and extension of mercantilism in this article, then study the condition of some related fields of Arabic Empire, and finally conclude the reason for why Arabic Empire hadn＇t developed mercantilism.