2004—2005年北方部分麦区白粉病菌小种动态及流行相关区品种抗性分析

Analysis on 2004-2005 racial virulence of Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici in northern China and the resistance in wheat cultivars in the disease epidemic related zones

对2004和2005年采自东北春麦区及山东、河北冬麦区的小麦白粉病110个标样进行生理小种鉴定和群体毒性频率测定;同时,测定了上述地区及与上述地区白粉病流行密切相关区的91份重要的生产和后备品种(系)的抗性及基因。结果表明:2004和2005年东北春麦区,2005年山东、河北春麦区小麦白粉病菌优势小种均为15号小种,出现频率为13.7%～16.0%,其次为415号和11号小种,出现频率为7.8%～12.0%。2004和2005年小麦白粉病毒力频率分析中,V3a、V3b、V3c、V5、V7、V8和V17的毒力频率均高于73.5%;V2、V4、V12、V16、V19和V21的毒力频率最低,为0～27.4%。上述白粉病流行相关区生产和后备品种(系)总体抗性不强,抗性较强的品种(系)推导出抗病基因主要为Pm21、Pm2+6及未知复合抗性基因等。

Physiologic races and population virulence of Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici in China＇ s northeastern spring wheat region and part of winter wheat belt during 2004 and 2005 were studied. The resistance test of wheat cuhivars （lines） grown in different wheat belts related to the powdery mildew occurred in above region was also conducted. It was indicated that： race 15 was dominant, its frequency being 13.7% - 16.0%. Next to it were races 415 and 11, their frequency being 7.8% - 12.0%. The virulent genes V3a, V3b, V3c, V5, V7, V8, V17 were met with in considerably high frequency, more than 73.5% , only the genes V2, V4, V12, V16, V19, V21 occurred in very low amount, with frequency being 0 - 27.4%. Powdery mildew resistance in wheat cuhivars （lines） were valuated and probable genes, Pm 21, Pm2 ＋6, and compound resistance were postulated in some resistant cuhivars.