现代社会、现代性与公民教育

Modern society,modernity and civil education

现代社会的特征决定了它必然是一个公民社会,在其中,公民是独立、自由而又主动的社会参与者。但是,现代社会又必然产生现代性问题,因为现代性使人们远离公共领域而活在自我的空间内,使现代社会失去公民社会的真义。因此,现代性本身又是颠覆现代社会的,这就需要通过公民教育来保卫公共性、捍卫公共价值并引导人体认自身的公民身份,以弥合现代性问题给现代社会造成的断裂。中国公民教育存在的问题是:在集体主义与个人主义两方面的影响下产生权利与义务的分离。为了抵制这种分离给公民社会所带来的现代性断裂,亟需通过公民教育引导学生从社会层面来理解权利与义务,以培养拥有健全而统一的权利和义务观的现代公民。

The characteristics of modern society decide itself to be a civil society where citizen is an independent, free and positive participant. However, modern society surely generates the problems of modernity. Modernity makes people separate themselves from the public realm and live in their own space, makes the modern society lose the essence of civil society. Therefore, modernity which subverts modern society, expects the civil education to protect the public nature and public values and lead students to experience the citizenship that constructs a real man. So that the break of modern society caused by modern problems can be remedied. The problem of Chinese civil education is the separation between rights and obligation influenced by collectivism and individualism. To avoid the break of modernity in the civil society brought by the separation, civil education needs to lead students to understand rights and obligation from the view of society,which can cultivate a modern citizen with complete and united idea of rights and obligation.