批评语篇分析的社会和认知取向

The Social and Cognitive Orientations of Critical Discourse Analysis

批评语篇分析(CDA)一直在试图从社会和认知两个方面来理解和解释语言、权力和意识形态之间的关系,这就要求它既要运用社会学以及社会批评的理论和方法,又要借助心理语言学和认知语言学的研究成果。CDA在对语篇生成和理解的社会机制和过程进行理论描述上取得了令人瞩目的成果,但在对这些机制和过程进行心理和认知的阐释上还没有提出比较成熟的理论和方法。随着近年来认知语言学和心理语言学的不断发展,CDA学者已经开始关注它们的研究成果并试图将其应用于批评语篇分析。

Critical discourse analysis aims at showing the ideological nature and effect of language and the ways in which language incorporates and constructs power relations in human society.This necessitates its analysis of discourse both from a social-historical perspective and a psychological-cognitive perspective.CDA has been strong in the former,but relatively weak in the latter.Recent developments in cognitive linguistics may help it to more or less rectify this imbalance.