中学生锻炼行为与决策平衡的关系

Relationship Between Exercise Behavior and Decisional Balance Among High School Students

为调查中学生锻炼行为,了解锻炼阶段变化特点及其与决策平衡的关系,采用锻炼阶段变化量表、决策平衡量表对767名中学生进行测查。调查发现:被试锻炼行为阶段分布为:47.72%的中学生不锻炼(前意识和意识阶段),32.86%的中学生参与锻炼,但没有规律(准备期),19.43%的中学生参加规律性锻炼;男女生锻炼阶段变化没有显著性差异;高中生较初中生锻炼参与更少。从前意识期到准备期到维持期,利益感逐渐增加,障碍感渐小,知觉到的利益和障碍对锻炼参与有预测作用。研究提示应依据青少年锻炼阶段进行针对性认知干预。

To investigate exercise behavior of adolescents and the relationship between the stage of change of exercise and decision-making, a sample of junior and senior students （N = 767） was given stage of change, and decisional balance measures regarding their exercise behavior. The Results show that the exercise pattern of adolescents was different by each stage of exercise behavior： no-exercise account for 47.72 % （precontemplation and contemplation）, occasional exercise account for 32. 86 % （preparation） and regular exercise 19.43 % （action and maintenance）. No significant differences in exercise behavior distribution emerged as a function of gender. Percentage of participants in senior high school was much less than those in junior high school. In addition, the findings show that benefits increase and barriers decrease from precontemplation to maintenance, and reveal that perceived benefits and barriers were successfully predictable variables in all stages of change for exercise. The research implies that status of high students＇ exercise mast be worried about, and directional cognizant interventions must be carried out according to the stage of adolescents＇ exercise.