《管子》中“礼法并用”的再探讨

The Re-discussion of "Utilization of Courtesy and Law" in Guan Zi

《管子》所代表的"齐法家",较之以商鞅、韩非为代表的"晋法家",其最大的特色就是其中儒法结合的倾向。学界将这个特点称之为"礼法并用"。在本文中,从人性论基础、治理方式和"道统"观三个角度入手,认为《管子》中言"礼",很大程度上是从综合手段的意思上来说的,以教为本的意思不强。在这一点上,与先秦儒家的"礼"是有着根本性差别的,因此两者之间并不能简单的对等起来。较为准确的认识,应该是"礼治"与"法治"并存于以法为本的政治体系当中。

Compared to ＂Jin Legalists＂ represented feature of ＂Qi Legalists＂ represented by Guan Zi by Shang Yang and Han Fei, the most important is the trend of combination between Confucianism and Legalism, which means ＂Utilization of Courtesy and Law＂. From the following three perspectives, which are the basis of human nature, the method of governance and the ＂ethical tradition＂, this paper concludes that the ＂Courtesy＂ in Guan Zi, to a large extent, is an integrated method, not only based on cultivating. At this point, it has a fundamental difference with the ＂Courtesy＂ of Pre-Qin Confucianism, and can＇t be matched. More accurate understanding should be the coexistence of ＂Rule of Law＂ and ＂Rule of Courtesy＂ in a law-based political system.