基于水库模型的扎龙湿地水循环模拟

Modelling hydrological cycle system in Zhalong wetland based on reservoir model concept

基于水库模型的概念,根据地形地物将扎龙湿地划分为相互联系的9个水库单元,对每个水库单元进行水量平衡模拟,建立了扎龙湿地水循环系统模拟模型。以月为时间步长,利用建立的模型对扎龙湿地1971-2003年33年的水循环过程进行模拟,应用1971-1981年出口径流量进行模型参数标定,应用1982-1987年出口径流量和12个水面面积对模型模拟效果进行检验。模拟的出口径流量效率系数和相关系数接近0.90,相对误差小于3%;模拟的湿地水面面积也具有满意的精度。模拟结果表明,建立的模型对湿地水循环系统具有较好的模拟能力。

This paper presents a hydrological cycle system model based on reservoir model concept to model hydrological cycle processes in Zhalong wetland. It is divided into 9 reservoirs based on the topography and the project construction. Each reservoir is modelled based on water balance function. The model works using the input data from 1971 to 2003.The parameters of the model are calibrated by the 11 years （ 1971 - 1981 ） outflow runoff data. The validity of the model is verified by the 6 years （1982 - 1987） outflow runoff data and 12 flooded areas obtained from Landsat TM images. The efficiency coefficient of outflow runoff is nearly 0.90 and the relative error less than 3.0 %. The modeled flooded areas are also satisfying. The results show that the proposed model has a good performance in modelling wetland hydrological cycle system.