环境激素壬基酚对家蚕生殖发育的影响

Effects of Environmental Hormone Nonylphenol on the Reproductive Development of Silkworm,Bombyx mori L.

壬基酚(NP)是一种新确认的环境激素(EH)。为探讨EH对鳞翅目昆虫的性激素作用,用添加NP的人工饲料饲养家蚕,调查NP对生殖发育的影响。结果显示,刚孵化家蚕幼虫添毒72 h和120 h的LC50分别为1.1392、1.0695 mmol/kg。添毒NP1.000 mmol/kg以上浓度,家蚕在幼虫期死亡而不能完成世代。从生殖腺系数看,0.500 mmol/kg以下浓度的NP,对家蚕幼虫和蛹的睾丸生长无不良影响(P>0.05);大于0.250 mmol/kg的NP,能显著抑制雄蛾的睾丸生长(P<0.05);小于0.500 mmol/kg的NP,5龄幼虫和24 h龄蛹精细胞数量显著增加(P<0.05);高于0.125 mmol/kg的NP,168h龄蛹和24h龄蛾的精子数量显著少于对照(P<0.01)。高于0.125 mmol/kg的NP,5龄幼虫和蛹的卵细胞生长和发育被抑制(P<0.05),雌蛾造卵数和产出卵数减少(P<0.05),受精率降低(P<0.05)。NP通过抑制家蚕生殖腺的生长和生殖细胞的发育表现雌激素效应。

Nonylphenol（NP） is one of the newly-defined environmental hormones（EH）. In order to discuss the estrogen effects of the EH on lepidopteron insects, the effects of NP on the reproductive develepment of silkworm （Bombyx mori L. ） were investigated feeding with artificial feedstuffs added the NP. The results showed the LC50 of hatched larvae is 1. 1392 mmol/kg and 1. 0695 mmol/kg respectively. The silkworms couldn＇t complete their generation and died in the larval period after added NP higher than 1. 000 mmol/kg. Seeing from the genital gland quotiety, the growth of the testes of larvae and pupae hasn＇t been affected with NP lower than 0. 500 mmol/kg（P 〉 0. 05）. With NP higher than 0. 500 mmol/kg, it could inhibit the testes growth in moth efficiently（P〈0. 05）. When the concentration of NP is lower than 0. 500 mmol/kg, the quantities of sperm cells were significantly improved（P〈0.05） in the 5th ages larvae and 24 hours-old pupae. While higher than 0. 125 mmol/kg, the sperm quantities were significantly decreased（P〈0. 05） in the 168 hours-old pupae and 24 hours-old moth. The growth and development of egg cells were inhibited in the 5th ages larvae and 24 hours-old pupae（P〈0.05）, the number of borne and laid eggs reduced and the fertilization rate also decreased（P〈0.05）. NP indicated estrogen effects by inhibiting the growth and development of gonads and germ cells in silkworm.