在共和主义与自由主义之间--评哈贝马斯的商议民主概念

Between Republicanism and Liberalism——a Review on Habermas's Concept of Deliberative Democracy

自由主义的民主是一个弱民主概念,而共和主义民主是一个强民主概念。哈贝马斯的商议民主结合了两者中的某些东西,走出一条中间道路。他接受了自由主义在政治国家和市民社会的区分,但是又像共和主义那样,划分出一个具有强民主意义的政治商谈公共领域。同时他还把民主理解为追求共同的善和利益的协调,把人民主权理解为交往权力,而不是全体人民的共同权力或者议会中的权力。显示了他把共和主义和自由主义结合起来的理论构想。

Liberalistic democracy is a concept of weak democracy, while republican democracy is a strong one. Combining both of them, Habermas＇s deliberative democracy explores a middle road. He accepted the difference between political states and citizen society in liberalism, but he, agreeing with republicanism, also dilimited a public area of political negotiation with a content of strong democracy. Meanwhile, he viewed democracy as the common balance between virtues and benefits, and the people＇s sovereignty as mutual power, but not the common power of all the people or the power of the parliament, which shows his theoretical conception of combining republicanism and liberalism.