小麦对秆锈菌新小种Ug99的抗性研究进展

Breeding for Resistance to New Race Ug99 of Stem Rust Pathogen

为了及时了解国际小麦育种的发展动态,介绍了国外在小麦秆锈病新小种Ug99抗性方面的研究进展,主要包括成立国际锈病研究协作网,负责全球范围的小麦锈病研究;基本明确了Ug99的可能传播路线;在肯尼亚对17个国家和组织的4 157份小麦品种进行了抗性鉴定,337份表现抗病,为抗病育种提供了重要亲本;明确了现有抗性基因的利用价值,建议利用Sr2、Sr24、Sr26、Sr36、SrTmp和来自1A/1R易位的未知抗性基因,采用持久抗性与主效基因相结合的策略,通过分子标记辅助选择提高品种选育效率。最后提出了国内技术储备的主要内容。

This paper briefly describes the progress of international activities in breeding for resistant to race Ug 99 of stem rust pathogen （Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici. ）. The Global Rust Initiative was established to coordinate the international activities on Ug 99 and likely migration pathway of Ug 99 has been reported. Totally, 4157 cultivars and advanced lines from 17 countries and institutes were screened to identify resistante genotypes in Kenya in 2006, and 337 genotypes shown good level of resistance. It is recommended that genes such as Sr2,Sr24,Sr26,Sr36,SrTmp and unknown gene from 1A/1R translocation could be used in breeding program. Both major gene based resistance and minor gene based durable resistance are adopted in breeding, with support from molecular marker assisted selection. Strategies on control Ug 99 in China are also presented.