紫外诱变改良柑橘采后病害拮抗菌柠檬形克勒克酵母研究

Ultraviolet Mutation Breeding Aspect of the Biological Control of Postharvest Diseases by Kloeckera apiculata in Citrus Fruit

以柠檬形克勒克酵母(Kloeckera apiculata)为出发菌株,采用紫外线(UV)、UV+LiCl等方法对其进行诱变改良。确定了处理的最佳剂量:紫外处理15 W 30 cm照射20 s,UV+LiCl处理UV照射20 s并在平板中加入LiCl 0.3%(W/V)。选育到一株生理特性有明显改善的变异菌株UV20-13,果实试验中,7 d后柑橘青、绿霉病的发病率分别比出发菌株降低25.56%和10.00%。生长动态测定和传代试验表明,该菌株生长特性优于出发菌株,连续传代10代,该菌株没有出现退化、回复突变等,在遗传上是稳定的。

A series of experiments were conducted to study the mutation of Kloechera apiculata by many kinds of treatments such as UV and UV＋LiCl. The optimal dosage disposal was determined： 15 W 30 cm under Ultraviolet irradiation for 20 s, UV＋LiCl under Ultraviolet irradiation for 20 s and added LiC1 0.3% （w/v）. One strain （UV20-13） which had obvious physiological characteristic was obtained, the incidence of blue and green mold of citrus was reduced by 25.56% and 10.00% in vivo experiment after 7 days respectively. The strain UV20-13 was tested by the experiments of subculture and dynamic growth, and the results showed that the strain UV20-13 was better than K.apiculata in the growth characteristics, and it did not appear retrogression, reversion mutation ect after subculturing 10 generations. Therefore the strain UV20-13 had genetic stability.