适合农村污水分散处理的廊道式人工湿地设计参数研究

The Design Parameter Study of Channels Constructed Wetland for Rural Domestic Wastewater Decentralized Treatment

针对农村污水处理规模小、分散的特点,提出了廊道式人工湿地的设计原则和设计方法,通过对水力负荷率、孔隙率、渗透系数、滞留时间、水力坡度、床底坡度、面积参数、浸润线和长宽比等相关参数的系统研究,从水力学的角度对廊道式人工湿地系统进行优化设计。试验表明,廊道式人工湿地结构设计合理,符合水力学要求;占地小;投资少、运行费用低;处理效率高,达到农田灌溉水质标准。

In the paper, the principle and method of design on the channels constructed wetland （CCW） are represented. Hydraulics parameter is studied such as hydraulic loading rate, porosity coefficient, pervasion coefficient, contact times, hydraulic slope, bed slope, area, soakage lines, and the ratio of length and width, so that, design system of the cannels constructed wetland can be optimized easily, the cannels constructed wetland with reasonable structure accords to the characteristic of hydraulics. The pilot test indicated CCW have dominate advantage such as a little holding area for average 0.5m^2 per capita ,low cost in building and operation for average 0.15 Yuan（RMB） each day. high removal efficiency of water contamination, The effluent can meet the National Standards for irrigation water quality. Therefore CCW can be applied widely in the rural domestic wastewater decentralized treatment.