薄基岩浅埋煤层覆岩破坏移动演化规律研究

Research on movement and evolution law of breaking of overlying strata in shallow coal seam with a thin bedrock

以榆阳煤矿为研究基地,进行了地下水动力学参数、覆岩力学组合结构特征与基岩风化带的阻隔水特性试验。结果表明,风积沙层底部为强含水层;主采煤层上覆覆岩泥岩强度高于砂岩;砂岩孔隙率高,含水率大,抗压、抗拉强度比值高;泥岩和砂岩的黏土矿物含量低、具有典型的脆性易裂、抗扰动能力差和再生隔水能力弱等新的破坏移动特性,并通过多因素拟合,确立了薄基岩浅埋煤层覆岩采动破坏"两带"高度的动态变化特征,提出了长壁工作面开采防止突水溃砂的调控技术,成功应用于榆阳煤矿并实现绿色保水开采,为陕北榆神大煤田薄基岩浅埋煤层进一步推广高效开采技术和保护生态环境实现绿色保水开采奠定了基础。

Taking Yuyang coal mine as research base, this paper systematically has carried on experiments of the kinetic parameters of groundwater, the combined structure features of mechanics of overlying strata and the water-insulation character of weathered zone of bedrock. The result indicated： Water-bearing stratum at the bottom of eolian deposit sand strata is strong water-bearing stratum. The intensity of mudstone stronger than sandstone on the main production seam; the porosity, moisture content and tensile compression ratio of sandstone is great; the clay soil content of mudstone and sandstone is low. So it has new damage and excursion character of canonical brittleness,the feebleness capability of resist remolding and the feebleness revival capability of water-stop. It settled the character of dynamic vary of height in breaking of overlying strata in shallow coal seam with a thin bedrock as elements fitting based, and put forward long-wall mining to control blowing out Water and bursting sand. The technique apply in Yuyang colliery successful and put into green technical conservation water of mining. The paper settled foundation for further popularized apply high productive and high efficient mining and protect pysical environment for putting into green technical conservation water of mining for shallow coal seam with a thin bedrock in Yushen coal field in Northern Shaanxi.