关于场依存性认知方式的理论及其理论模型修订

The Theory of the Field Dependent Cognitive Style and Its Revision

场依存性认知方式是指个体在信息加工过程中依赖身体内参照还是依赖外在参照的倾向,认知方式已成为心理学中两大传统的研究领域——认知和人格连接的桥梁。自1962年威特金等人提出第一个解释场依存性认知方式的理论模型——心理分化模型并于1979年修订以来,该理论模型一直对认知方式问题的研究起着重要的指导和促进作用。在新发现的实验事实和证据的基础上,论文对已有的模型再次进行了修订,提出心理活动是分化与整合不断地相互作用、相互转换的过程的观点。

Field dependent cognitive style refers to the individual differences brought out in the course of organizing and processing information, which is regarded as the bridge between the two major traditional research fields in psychology-cognition and personality. Since Witkin and his colleagues proposed the first theoretic model-psychological differentiation in 1962, which interpreted field dependent cognitive style, and revised it in 1979, the psychological differentiation model has been significantly directing and promoting the study of cognitive styles. On the basis of new facts and evidences, this paper puts forward revision on the previous model and suggests that the psychological activities is an interacting and mutually transforming process of differentiation and integration.