含半月板的活体股胫关节接触特性有限元分析

Finite element analysis of in vivo tibio-femoral contact features with menisci

股胫关节接触生物力学研究是人们保护关节减少伤害,理解关节软骨退化造成骨关节病力学成因的关键。该文利用一系列活体膝关节磁共振断层扫描图像(MRI),构建了含半月板、股胫关节软骨和股骨、胫骨三维实体的膝关节有限元模型。探讨了用有限元显式非线性动力学方法求解关节间存在相对滑动和摩擦时股胫关节接触特性,并模拟分析了在步行过程中外载荷变化时股胫关节的接触力学特性。仿真分析表明:在载荷增加时,股胫关节接触面积增加,而股胫关节内外侧接触面积之比几乎不变,内外侧平均接触应力基本相等。

Biomechanics research of the human knee joint is needed to further understand joints behavior, to protect joints against injury, and to know the causes of degenerative arthritis in knee joints. A series of the magnetic resonance images （MRI） of in vivo knee joints was used to construct a 3-D finite element model of the knee including the cortical and trabecular bone of the femur and tibia, the articular cartilage of the femoral condyles and tibial plateau, and both the medial and lateral menisci with their horn attachments. An explicit dynamic nonlinear finite element method was used to simulate the biomechanical features of the tibiofemeral joint contact for various loading conditions with consideration of the relative sliding and friction in the knee. The simulations show that the contact area increases as the load increases. Both the ratio of the contact area between the medial and laterial tibial plateau and the average contact pressure of medial and laterial tibial plateau were almost constant for various loading conditions along the axis of the tibia during the loading phase in a gait.