话语分析中的认知与逻辑

Cognition and Logic in Discourse Analysis

当代话语分析从认知和语言哲学的角度对话语的构建进行研究。认知语言学以经验为理据认为话语的产生来源于人类的经验,在这一过程中记忆起着关键作用。话语的语义与信息内容是心理层次表征的体现,运用命题对心理层次划分可以反映话语的结构,话语的理解与运用要凭借常规关系。20世纪以来,哲学出现了"哥白尼式的革命",使哲学研究发生了"语言的转向"。语言哲学试图通过分析自然语言的逻辑结构,达到揭示思想结构,进而理解认知结构的目的。

Nowadays linguists study the construction of discourse from the perspectives of cognition and philosophy of language. Cognitive linguistics views that discourse comes from human experiences,in which memory plays a significant role, Proposition is supposed to disclose the mental hierarchies and reflects the construction of discourse. Since the 20th century, there comes a ＂Copernicus＇ revolution＂ in the history of philosophy, which brings about ＂the linguistic turn＂ in the study of philosophy, The focus of philosophy study turns from ontology, epistemology to the study of philosophy of language, By analyzing the logic structure of natural language,linguists try to understand the construction of thought and cognition.