水轮机调速器参数仿真寻优策略

Simulation Optimizing Strategy for Parameters of Hydro-governor

针对不同工况下水轮机调节系统的控制要求,从计算机仿真的角度,讨论水轮机调速器参数优化的目标和意义。利用过渡过程和ITAE(integral of time-weighted absolute error)准则,着重对单机工况下的参数优化策略进行研究。通过分析PID控制系统优化模式之间矛盾产生的机理,即扰动抑制性能和稳定性能在本质上的不相容性,确立了优先保证稳定性的参数优化策略,据此提出首先通过给定值跟随优化模式确定参数KP以保证稳定性,再通过扰动抑制优化模式确定参数KI、KD以优化扰动抑制性能的二次参数优化法,并对斯坦因经验公式进行了相应的修正。仿真结果证明该方法可很好地缓解该工况下稳定性与抗负荷扰动能力的矛盾,是可行和有效的。

Aiming at the control functions of hydraulic turbine regulating system under different operating conditions, the objective and significance of hydro-governor parameter optimization are discussed from the computer simulation point of view. The optimizing strategy under single unit operating condition is also studied using transient process and ITAE criterion. By analyzing the mechanism of contradiction between PID control system optimization modes, namely essential incompatibility between stability and disturbance restraint capacity, the stability-first optimizing strategy is established. Accordingly, the two-step-optimizing method is put forward that determines Ke first through the set-value follow oriented optimization mode to guarantee the stability, then determines KI and Ko through disturbance restraint oriented optimization mode to optimize disturbance restraint capacity. The Stein empirical formula is hereby amended： Simulation result indicates that this method can effectively abate the contradiction between the stability and anti load-disturbance capacity under this operating condition, which is feasible and significant.