中国田径运动项目区域分布特点分析

Analysis on Regional Distribution Characteristic of Athletic Sport in China

通过文献资料调研、数理统计、比较研究等方法,结合竞技体育综合实力区域分布和项群理论对中国近70年来,优秀田径运动员所代表的区域、项目类型以及数量进行统计分析,研究表明,在田径运动项群中,投掷类、中长跑(竞走)类项目随着纬度区域的上升,优势逐渐明显;短距离跑、跳跃、全能类项目随着纬度区域的降低而优势逐渐突出;在数量区域分布中,呈现出东、中、西部依次减少,而且存在显著性差异。就此进行探讨并提出建议。

Through using the method of literature, mathematical statistics, comparison and combining with overall strength of competitive sports area and item group theory, this paper makes analysis on Chinese outstanding athletes in the recent 70 years which represent the region, the event type as well as the quantity. The result shows that among athletics item of athletics, the throwing events and the mlddle-dlstance race （race walking） superiority are obvious along with the latitude region rising. However, sprints, jumping, combining event＇s superiority reduces along with the latitude region to ascend. In the region quantity distribution, east, center, west region reduction in turn with remarkable difference. Through the discussion about the regional distribution reason of the latitude and longitude, some proposals are put forwarded in order to provide the reference to Chinese track and field development, establish the region prioritize projects and improve the overall level.