试论魏晋南北朝诗序的文体演进

The Evolution of Poem Preface Style in Wei, Jin, Northern and Southern Dynasties

作为一种文体,序产生于两汉,在魏晋南北朝时期,序文的数量及类型更为丰富,并在文体特征、表现形式等方面呈现出与两汉不同的面貌,成为一种具有文学性的独立文体。这一发展变化的关键,是由于别开生面的宴集诗序的出现。诗序出现于汉魏之际,成熟于两晋南北朝。这一时期诗序篇幅加长,独立成文,内容上不再局限于叙述说明写作缘起等,而往往借题发挥,自抒胸臆。魏晋南北朝文学性浓厚的诗序不仅丰富了序文创作,也直接促进了唐代赠序的产生。

Chinese ancient preface is a kind of independent style of writing with literariness. The quantity and types of the works are very abundant. Appeared at the end of the Han Dynasty and the beginning of the Wei Dynasty, with its maturity at the Jin and the Northern and Southern Dynasties, Poem preface, the most innovative one among the coetaneous prefaces, was the most different from the past styles. It also reflects the trend of the preface＇ s change, which once was the simple preface or postscript in the Han and Wei Dynasty, but a new one with more literature nature in the Tang Dynasty. Just because the appearance and ripe of the poem preface, the style of the preface were largely enriched and then the new preface, which had nothing to do with the ordinary ones, was given birth to in the Tang Dynasty.