混凝土小型空心砌块墙体的保温隔热和节能问题

Thermal insulation and energy saving for small concrete hollow block wall

通过计算分析和实测数据表明,目前被广泛采用的190mm厚单排孔砌块墙体的保温、隔热性能,与国家现行标准规范有较大差距,在这类建筑中存在着冬冷夏热、采暖和空调能耗过高的问题,亟待解决;双排孔砌块墙体不能满足隔热要求;三排和四排孔砌块墙体隔热性能与240mm厚砖墙相当,但保温性能提高的幅度不大;内保温墙体因受周边热桥影响,总体保温效果不佳;在夏季自然通风情况下,内保温墙体的隔热效果甚微;外保温和夹芯保温墙体,保温、隔热效果较好.

As shown from calculation, analysis and measured data, the thermal properties of hollow block wall with single row of holds and thickness of 190 mm, used widely at present, have a marked difference as compared with national standard in force. The problems for this type of buildings, such as cold in winter and hot in summer, excessive energy consumption for heating and air conditioning should be solved. The block wall with two rows of holes can t meet the requirement of heat insulation. The properties of heat insulation for block wall with three and four rows of holes are of the same as 240 mm clay brick wall, while its properties of thermal insulation are not obviously improved. The total result of thermal insulation for composite wall with inner thermal insulation is not good due to heat - bridge, and its effect of heat - insulation is slight under natural ventilation in summer, but the composite wall with outer or sandwish insulation layer shows good efficiency of thermal insulation.