试论《孟子》人文精神及其现代教育启示

Discussion on the humanist spirit of Mencius and the inspiration to modern education

儒家文化作为中国传统文化的主流,在中华文明成为人类惟一一条没有断流现象的文化中功不可没。以人文精神为本质性规定的儒家文化,关注的是人之为人的价值和意义,追求的则是一种属人的存在方式和人性的提升。《孟子》作为儒家经典著作之一,最能集中体现儒家的这种人文精神,然而,世人对此尚少有专论。在重新审视“人之为人”这一亘古话题的同时,从《孟子》人文精神的人性特征、人本特征、人文特征和人道特征四个方面解读“人之为人”的本真和内涵,认为“仁义”是现代教育寻求的价值核心,而人文精神和科学精神则是现时代背景下主体性人格所应具有的整体精神。

The Confucianism as the mother current of China can not be neglected in the result of China＇ s civilization being the unique lasting culture in the world. The Confucianism takes the humanist spirit as its essential stipulation, pays close attention to the value and meaning of what make humans human, pursues the proper existing way of human and the way of lifting the humanity. Mencius as one of the classical books of Confucianism embodies the spiritual, nevertheless, there are few articles about it up to now. Re-minding what makes humans human and reading the connotation in the humanity features, the humanism feature, the humanist feature and the humanitarian feature, posing that benevolence and unrighteousness are the key value of modern education, and subjective personality should hold the humanist spirit and scientific spirit together in the contemporary era.