改良大鼠气囊模型在人工关节假体松动研究中的应用

Modified rat air pouch model for experimental studies on loosening joint prosthesis

[目的]设计并改良大鼠气囊模型(the air pouch model),证实该模型在人工关节松动相关研究中的应用价值。[方法](1)改良大鼠气囊模型的建立:健康成年SD大鼠18只,背部皮下注入空气20ml,48h后补充注入空气10ml形成气囊。形成气囊24h后气囊穿刺,注入PBS液5ml,6、24、48h分别穿刺抽液,收集囊内液体采用ELISA方法测定IL-6和TNF-α;(2)改良大鼠气囊模型对不同关节材料磨损颗粒生物反应的比较:健康成年SD大鼠24只,皮下充气造模后将钴铬钼、钛铝钒和钛铌锆合金(TNZ)颗粒混悬液注入气囊,收集囊内液体采用ELISA方法测定IL-6和TNF-α,用囊壁组织学切片进行炎症细胞反应分级并测量囊壁厚度。[结果](1)在SD大鼠皮下注入空气20ml可以形成饱满的气囊,大鼠术后活动正常。48h后气囊由于气体吸收体积减小,张力下降。再次注射10ml空气后张力恢复。PBS能使囊内液体的TNF-α在6h左右出现一个高峰达239.30pg/ml,与24h和48h比较,差异有显著统计学意义(P<0.05)。IL-6的测定值没有TNF-α那样的6h分泌高峰。6、24、48h之间无显著性差异(P>0.05);(2)钴铬钼、钛铝钒、TNZ3种颗粒注入气囊48h后都能引起TNF-α分泌量显著升高(P<0.05),两两比较,钛铝钒组明显高于钴铬钼组和TNZ组(P<0.05)。3种材料均不能引起IL-6分泌的显著增加(P>0.05)。TNZ组气囊囊壁厚度明显小于钴铬钼组和钛铝钒组(P<0.001)。[结论]改良大鼠气囊模型具有造模简单、对人工关节颗粒反应快速敏感的特点,是一种人工关节松动相关实验研究有效的动物模型。

[ Objective]To design a new modified rat air pouch model to be used in experimental studies on joint prosthesis loosening. [ Method] （ 1 ） 18 SD rats were used in the modified air pouch model experiments. 20 ml air was injected subcut aneously on the back of rats to form the pouches and 10ml air was re-injected after 48 hours to keep the pouches full. 5 ml PBS liquid was injected after another 24 hours. The liquid in the pouches was harvested in 6, 24, 48 hours respectively for IL-6 and TNF-α by ELISA procedure and the capsules for histology examination. （2） Ti-6Al-4V, Co-Gr-Mo and new bate titanium alloy made of titanium; niobium and zirconium （TNZ） were chosen in prosthetic loosening experiment. Particles （2.5 × 10^7/ml） of 3 candidates were injected into the air pouches. The liquid in the pouches was collected 48 hours later for IL-6 and TNF-α by ELISA procedure and the capsules for histology examination. The thickness of pouches was compared to each other. [ Result] （ 1 ） 20ml air can form a pouch successfully. 10ml air can keep the pouch full after 48 hours. The pouches stimulated by PBS liq- uid to excrete more TNF-α at 6 hours （239.30 pg/ml） than those at 24 hours and 48 hours （ P 〈 0.05 ）. There was no statistical difference in IL-6 excretion. （2）TNZ, Ti- 6Al-4V and Co-Gr-Mo particles made the air pouches secret more TNF-α compared with the control （P 〈0.05）. Ti-6A1-4V particles made the effect more prominent than the others （P 〈0.05 ）. This effect was not seen in IL-6 menstruations experiments. The thickness of the air pouches was different in the three groups. It was thinner in the TNZ group than that in the others （P 〈 0. 001 ）. [ Conclusion ] The modified air pouch model developed in authors lab is a simple, sensitive and effective model for joint prosthesis loosening experiments.