超临界CO2萃取芦蒿挥发油的正交试验及GC-MS分析

Study on Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction Technology of Essential Oil from Artemisia selengensis and Its Components Analysis by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

目的:确定芦蒿挥发油超临界CO2萃取的最佳条件,并对挥发油中化学成分进行分析。方法:采用超临界CO2萃取芦蒿挥发油的正交试验,研究其萃取工艺条件,探讨萃取压力、萃取温度、萃取时间、CO2夹带剂用量对挥发油收率的影响,并用气相色谱-质谱联用技术对其挥发油中化学成分进行分析。结果:确定了超临界CO2萃取芦蒿中挥发油的最佳条件:萃取压力40MPa,萃取温度45℃,萃取时间3h,夹带剂用量1.5ml/g,在最佳条件下芦蒿挥发油的收率为3.12%;气相色谱-质谱联用技术从芦蒿挥发油中共分离出45个峰,确定了其中的37种化合物,经峰面积归一化法测定了各组分的相对百分含量,所鉴定成分占总馏出峰面积的93.12%。主要成分蓝香油薁具有多种较强的生理活性。结论:本研究结果为芦蒿的进一步综合开发利用提供科学依据。

Aim： To find the optimum extraction conditions on volatile oil ofArtemisia selengensis by supercritical fluid CO2 extraction （SFE-CO2）, and the constituents analysis of essential oil. Methods： Using the orthogonal test to study the SFE-CO2 technology on essential oil from Artemisia selengensis, the effects of pressure, temperature, time, and volume of entrainer on the essential oil extracts were studied, and the constituents of essential oils were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS）. Results： The essential oils optimum extraction conditions by SFE-CO2 are as follows： pressure 40 MPa, temperature 45℃, time 3 h, and 95% ethanol entrainer 1.5 ml/mg. The yield of essential oil at the optium extraction conditions is 3.12%. 45 peaks are separated by GC-MS and 37 peaks identified. The compounds are quantitatively determined by normalization method, and the identified compounds represent the peak area 93.12 %. The main compound is chamazulene, which has many physiological activities. Conclusion： This study provides scientific proof for the further exploitation and utilization of Artemisia selengensis.