11个茶树品种遗传多样性的ISSR和TRAP比较分析

Comparison of Genetic Diversity of Eleven Tea [Camellia sinensis] Cultivars Using ISSR and TRAP Markers

【研究目的】分析茶树种质资源的遗传多样性,比较ISSR和TRAP在茶树中的标记效率;【方法】用12个ISSR引物和18个TRAP引物组合分别对11个茶树品种的基因组DNA进行扩增;【结果】IS-SR引物共产生61条带,多态性带占83.6%,遗传距离变化范围在0.231～0.707。TRAP引物共产生69条带,多态性带占79.7%,遗传距离变化范围为0.200～0.755。基于两种标记的聚类结果存在一定的差异,TRAP聚类结果能较好地体现供试品种的亲缘关系、地域特性和树型特点,与传统的基于形态特征建立的分类结果比较一致。在11个茶树品种间以及在亲缘关系比较近的黄旦、铁观音、毛蟹、白样观音4个品种间,ISSR的标记指数MI值都高于TRAP的MI值;【结论】ISSR具有更大的标记效率,也具有较高的多样性检测能力;TRAP比ISSR更适合于茶树特异种质资源和重要农艺性状的筛选。

[OBJECTIVE]This study was carried out in order to analyze genetic diversity in tea cultivars and compare the Mark index （MI） between ISSR and TRAP markers. [METHOD]Using twelve random ISSR primers and eighteen TRAP primer combinations, the genetic diversity of eleven tea cultivars were studied [RESULTS] A total of 61 loci were generated by twelve ISSR primers, of which 83.6% was polymorphic and the genetic distance ranged from 0.231 to 0.707.As for TRAP, 69 bands were obtained and 79.7% of them was polymorphic,and the genetic distance was from 0.2000 to 0.755. There were some differences existing in the two cluster results revealed by ISSR and TRAP markers, they were as follows： compared to that of ISSR, the result of TRAP could more comfortably manifest the kinship,geographical origin,tree forms and so on, and also was more conformant to the traditional classification. Among the eleven tea cultivars, especially the four cuhivars （Huangdan,Tieguanyin,Maoxie,Baiyang Guanyin）, which possessed near phylogenetic relationship, the MI （Mark index） of ISSR were all higher than that of TRAP. [CONCLUSION]ISSR has higher marker efficiency and diversity detection ability ; TRAP markers maybe a better type of markers than ISSR on screening special germplasm resources and important agricultural traits of tea plant.