中国农村电力普遍服务的理论基础分析

Analysis on Theoretical Basis of China Rural Power Universal Service

市场化改革之后,通过交叉补贴实现电力普遍服务的机制不可能实施,中国农村电力普遍服务的理论基础值得探讨。农村电力普遍服务是一种特殊的再分配方式,它是缩小地区差距、保证地区均衡发展的重要途径,是实现社会和谐稳定的基础。认为电力产业具有的网络特性、自然垄断性和准公共物品特征,这些因素都可能导致市场失灵,要保证公众所需要的基本生活用电,必然要求建立相应有效的公共政策。

This thesis intends to probe into the theoretical basis of rural power universal service, as it is impossible to carry on the power universal service with cross subsidy after the marketization reform of power industry. As a special realloeation form, rural power universal service can serve as an important approach to narrow the gap between regions, to guarantee balanced regional development and to realize the harmonious stability of the society. This thesis holds that power industry possess the traits of networking, natural monopoly and quasi-public utility, which may lead to the ineffectiveness of the market operation. Therefore it is indispensable to establish corresponding public policies to guarantee the basic power need of the public.