中心体β-微管蛋白在乳腺癌前病变及其乳腺癌中的表达和意义

Expression of β-tubulin in premalignant lesion and carcinoma of breast and its significance

目的探讨中心体β-微管蛋白在人乳腺癌前病变和乳腺癌中的表达及其意义。方法采用免疫组织化学sP法检测乳腺癌前病变、导管内癌和浸润性导管癌各50例中中心体β-微管蛋白的表达水平，30例乳腺正常组织作为对照组。结果不同样本组中心体β-微管蛋白的表达水平不同（X^2=25．381，P〈0．05），其在导管内癌组和浸润性导管癌组间的差异无统计学意义（z=-0．909，P〉0．05），其他各组间均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。此外，中心体β-微管蛋白表达水平与乳腺导管内癌的核分级、浸润性导管癌的组织学分级之间无明显相关（P〉0．05），但与浸润性导管癌的腋淋巴结转移呈正相关（r=0．285，P〈0．05）。结论中心体的异常可能是乳腺癌发生的早期事件，并促进肿瘤的发生发展。研究β-微管蛋白的表达情况可能成为探索乳腺癌发生发展机制的一条新的途径。

Objective To investigate the expression of β-tubulin in premalignant lesion and carcinoma of breast and the significance thereof. Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to examine the expression of β-tubulin in 50 specimens of premalignant lesion of breast ,50 specimens of in situ ductal carcinoma of the breast （DCIS）, and 50 specimens of invasive ductal carcinoma（ IDC ）. 30 specimens of normal breast tissues were selected as a control group. Results Based on immunohistochemical staining, significant differences were found among 4 groups （X^2 = 25. 381 ,P 〈 0.05 ）. Significant differences existed between any 2 groups （ P 〈 0.05 ） except for the β-tubulin positive expression comparing DCIS verus IDC （z = - 0.909, P 〉 0.05 ）. We also found a significant positive relationship of β-tubulin expression with axillary lymph node metastasis of IDC （ r = 0. 285 ,P 〈 0.05 ） ,but no significant correlation with histological grading of IDC and nuclear grade of DCIS （ P 〉 0.05 ）. Conclusion Centrosome defects may contribute to the earliest stages of breast cancer development and promote tumor progression. Aberration of centrosome protein can support a new way to explore the mechanisms of breast tumorigenesis.