福州地区急性呼吸道感染患儿呼吸道合胞病毒检测及亚型分析

Detection of respiratory syncytial virus and identification of subgroups in pediatric patients with acute respiratory tract infections in Fuzhou

目的:分析福州地区2006-2007年冬春季我院收治急性呼吸道感染患儿呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)及其亚型流行情况。方法:采用RT-PCR方法检测176例急性呼吸道感染患儿的鼻咽拭子中RSV并进行亚型鉴定分析。结果:(1)在176例标本中,RSV阳性28例(15.9%)。其中急性下呼吸道感染阳性率为38%,显著高于急性上呼吸道感染的4%(!2=33.15,P<0.05)。(2)28例RSV阳性标本中,A亚型23例(82%),B亚型4例(14%),不明分型者1例(4%);上、下呼吸道感染组患儿间RSV亚型分布差异无显著性(P>0.05),都以A型为主。(3)RSV阳性患儿的年龄主要以3岁以下为主。结论:RSV是婴幼儿急性下呼吸道感染的重要病原体;福州地区2006-2007年冬春季RSV两种亚型同时流行,以A亚型为主。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of respiratory syncytial virus （RSV） and its subgroups in Fuzhou from the winter of 2006 to the spring of 2007. Methods RSV was detected by RT-PCR in the nasopharyngeal swab samples from 176 pediatric patients with acute respiratory tract infections and its subgroups were identified. Results 28 of the 176 （15.9%） samples were positive for RSV and the positive rate was significantly higher in lower respiratory tract infections than in upper respiratory tract infections （38% vs 4%, X^2=33.15,P 〈 0.05）. Of 28 positive samples, 23 （82%） were identified as subtype A, 4 （14%） as subtype B, and the remaining one （4%） as unknown type. The distribution of RSV subgroups did not differ significantly between upper and lower respiratory tract infections, with a predominance of subgroup A in both groups （P 〉 0.05）. Most positive samples were from children aged less than 3 years. Conclusions RSV is an important pathogen in acute lower respiratory infections in infants and younger children. RSV subgroups A and B were both prevalent, with a majority of subgroup A, in Fuzhou from the winter of 2006 to the spring of 2007.