儿童骨性前牙反颅面形态的类型研究

A Study of Craniofacial Type of Skeletal Anterior Crossbite in Juveniles

由于Ⅲ类错颅面形态的表现具复杂性和多样性，本文目的是探讨骨性前牙反儿童颅面形态的类型。研究对象为１０～１３岁骨性前牙反患者，共６９例，其中男性３５例，女性３４例，平均１１．６岁。通过反映颅底结构、上颌和下颌骨长度、面部矢状和垂直向关系、牙及牙槽、软组织形态的１９项头测量指标的样本聚类分析，将本组病例儿童的颅面形态划分为四个亚类，其中上颌发育不足、下颌长度正常，但位置前移以及前下面高不足是儿童骨性前牙反最常见的一种类型。结果表明在分析骨性Ⅲ类错时，应结合多项头测量指标综合分析。本研究结果为临床选择矫形治疗适应证和方法提供了参考依据。

Lateral skull radiographs of 69 subjects with Class Ⅲ malocclusion, 35 boys, 34 girls, aged 10￣13 years old, were compared to a control group of similar mean age based on hierarchical cluster analysis. Cranial base, maxilla, mandible, relationships of sagital and vertical, teeth and soft tissue were evaluated together. Four subgroups of malocclusion were identified and described at the first time. The subgroup of maxillary deficiency, mandibular prognathism due to moved forward joint and lower anterior face height was the most common type. The results indicated that it should be evaluated a lot of indices together on cephalometric analysis.