不同物候型茶树内源GA_3和ABA的变化及其对腋芽萌发调控的影响

Dynamic Changes of Endogenous GA_3 and ABA Contents in Tea Cultivars with Different Phenological Characters and Their Impact on the Regulation Axillary Buds Sprouting

运用酶联免疫吸附分析法(Enzyme Linked Immunity Absorb Assay,ELISA),研究5个不同物候型茶树栽培品种在2003年3月至2006年3月生育周期及春季腋芽萌发前后茶梢叶片内源GA3(gibberellic acid)、ABA(abscisic acid)的动态变化。结果表明,在2003年3月至2006年3月期间,各品种成熟叶片GA3的含量在各年度均随着茶树生长呈现"快速降低—略有上升—下降—快速升高"两度上升、两度下降的变化趋势,GA3含量第一次上升的时间呈早生种早、晚生种迟的趋势;ABA最低值出现的时间呈早生种早、晚生种迟的趋势。5个供试品种成熟叶片GA3的年平均含量总体为早生种高于中生种,中生种高于晚生种。冬季茶树休眠期间,成熟叶片GA3的含量处于整个生长周期的最低点,ABA的含量处于整个生长周期的最高点。11月至翌年1月,GA3的平均含量和GA3/ABA值与其越冬芽的萌发期呈显著相关。春季茶树腋芽萌发进程中,嫩梢GA3的含量总体高于成熟叶片,ABA的含量总体低于成熟叶片。

By using Enzyme Linked Immunity Absorb Assay （ELISA） method, the dynamic changes of endogenous GA3 and ABA contents in leaves of 5 tea cultivars were determined before and after the sprouting of axillary buds from 8 Mar. 2003 to 25 Mar. 2006. Results showed that the dynamic change of GA3 concentration in mature leaves of various cultivars in the period of 8 Mar. 2003 to 25 Mar. 2006 showed a ＂sharply decreasing-slightly increasing--decreasing-sharply increasing＂ pattern with the growth of tea plant in every year. The first ascending time of GA3 concentration appeared earlier in early-sprouting cultivars, and later in late-sprouting cultivars. The lowest ABA concentration also appeared earlier in early-sprouting cultivars and later in late-sprouting cultivars. The annual average GA3 concentration in mature leaves of five tea cultivars was higher in early-sprouting cultivars than in medium-sprouting cultivars and much higher than in late-sprouting cultivars. During the dormancy of tea plant in winter season, the GA3 concentration in mature leaves in the lowest level in the whole year, and the ABA concentration in mature leaves was in the highest level. From Nov. 2003 to Jan. 2006 this three years, the average concentrations of GA3 and GA3/ABA ratio in mature leaves were closely related with the sprouting period of overwintering buds. The research data showed that the GA3 concentration in axillary buds during the sprouting period in spring was higher than that of in mature tea leaves, however, the ABA concentration in the axillary buds was lower than that of in mature tea leaves.