职业紧张与工作能力关系的结构方程模型分析

Structural equation model analysis of relationship between occupational stress and work ability

目的建立职业紧张与工作能力关系的结构方程模型,分析工作能力影响因素。方法采用工作能力指数量表和职业紧张量表,对2041名不同职业劳动者进行问卷调查,利用结构方程模型对职业紧张与工作能力关系进行分析。结果影响工作能力自评、生理状态、心理状态的主要因素是任务不适、心理紧张反应、躯体紧张反应、业务紧张反应。理性处事、文化程度、经济收入、休闲和自我保健对工作能力有一定的正向影响,而年龄、工龄、任务模糊、工作环境对工作能力有一定的负向影响。结论体力劳动者可以通过调整职业心理紧张反应和改善工作适应状态来提高工作能力,结构方程模型适用于职业医学的研究。

Objective To construct the structural equation models of occupational stress and work ability to analyze the factor influencing work ability. Methods A test of occupational stress and work ability was carried out with revised occupational stress inventory （OSI-R） and work ability index （WAI） for 2041 workers. And structural equation model was used to analyze＇their relationship. Results The main factors influencing the work ability included the role insufficiency, psychological strain, physical strain, vocational strain. Rational/cognitive, education, income, recreation and self-care had some influence on the work ability, and they correlated positively with the work ability. And age, work age, role ambiguity and physical environment correlated inversely with the work ability. Conclusion The work ability of physical laborers can be improved with adjusting occupational stressor and improving the status of maladjustment, and the structural equation model can be used to study occupational medicine.