雨水中碳丰度季节性特征及对酸雨形成的贡献

Seasonality and Contribution to Acid Rain of the Carbon Abundance in Rainwater

针对广州市连续1 a内降雨展开碳丰度的研究,通过对雨水中总有机碳(TOC)、可溶性有机碳(DOC)、颗粒物有机碳(POC)和颗粒物元素碳(PEC)的测定,进一步探讨雨水中碳丰度的季节性特征及其对酸雨形成的贡献作用.结果表明,TOC年均含量7.10 mg/L,DOC年均含量3.58 mg/L,POC年均含量3.60 mg/L,PEC年均含量0.72 mg/L,证明广州市污染物排放对降雨影响较严重.雨水中碳丰度具有一定季节性特征,TOC和DOC含量春季最高,夏季较低,表明广州市春季的总污染物排放量相对大于其它季节;POC对TOC的贡献率夏季要明显高于其它季节,说明固体颗粒物的排放量在夏季达到最高;干季POC相对含量要明显高于湿季,表明由机动车尾气排放导致的有机污染物排放量在秋冬季节要明显高于其它季节.TOC、DOC含量与pH值具有一定负相关性.这些特征从碳丰度角度证明机动车尾气等有机污染物排放对酸雨形成有一定的贡献作用.

This paper reports the results from a study of the carbon abundance in rainwater of Guangzhou city, China. The determination of TOC, DOC, POC and PEC helps to study the seasonality of carbon abundance and its contribution to the acid rain. The results display the fact that the average contents of TOC, DOC, POC and PEC are 7.10 mg/L, 3.58 mg/L, 3.60 mg/L and 0.72 mg/L, respectively. These results confirm the deep effect of the organic pollutant to the rain. The seasonality exists in the carbon abundance of rainwater. The contents of TOC and DOC are up to the maximum in spring and the minimum in summer; the contribution of POC to TOC in summer is obviously higher than that in other seasons ; and the relative content of POC is clearly higher in dry season than that in wet season. The seasonality reflects the more emission of the total pollutant in spring and the solid particle pollutant in summer than those in other seasons. Moreover, the emission of the organic pollutant from the mobile vehicles is more obvious in dry season than that in wet season. The contents of TOC and DOC have the negative correlation to the pH values, which confirms the contribution effect of the organic pollutant, such as vehicle emission, to the acid rain.