真菌-细菌协同修复石油污染土壤的场地试验

Field Scale Demonstration of Fungi-Bacteria Augmented Remediation of Petroleum-Contaminated Soil

采用真菌-细菌微生物制剂对中原油田不同类型石油污染土壤进行原位修复小试和中试.第1期场地试验从2004-11-05～2005-03-07,共122 d,柴油、润滑油和石油的TPH降解率分别为61.0%、48.3%和38.3%.中试从2005-05-18～2005-11-03,共历时161 d.人工污染土壤、新鲜型石油污染土壤和陈旧型污染土壤的石油烃降解率分别达到75.0%4、6.0%和56.6%,而对照组的降解率分别为15.7%、20.0%和28.0%.分析了修复过程中土壤中石油烃各组分含量的变化,结果表明真菌-细菌微生物制剂对饱和烃、芳烃、沥青胶质及非烃化合物均具有较好地降解能力.分别在修复后的人工污染、新鲜型污染和陈旧型污染地块种植小麦,产量分别为当地正常耕地产量的100%、57.2%和70.3%.本研究进一步证实了真菌-细菌协同修复石油烃污染耕地的可行性及其良好的应用前景.

Pilot demonstration of the fungal-bacterial augmented in situ remedlation of petroleum contaminated soil was carried out in Zhongyuan Oilfield, Henan, using artificially prepared soil, newly and aged contaminated soil as sample, respectively. For the first run of the experiment started from Nov. 5, 2004 and lasted for 122 days, the removal of contaminate was 61.0 % ,48.3 % and 38.3 % for diesel, lube and crude oil, respectively. For the second run started from May 18, 2005 and lasted for 161 days, the removal of TPH was 75% for the artificially contaminated soil sample while 46.0% and 56.6% for the fresh and aged contaminated soil. The removal of high concentration salt was involved in the remediation of the freshly and aged contaminated soil. The changes of the petroleum composition was monitored during the remediation process, which confirmed the effective degradation of alkanes, aromatic hydrocarbons and non-hydrocarbon compounds by the fungi- bacteria consortia, as compared to that obtained without the inoculation of the consortia. To further demonstrate the remediation, wheat was planted in above reclaimed soil. While wheat production in the reclaimed artificially contaminated soil yielded nearly as much as that obtained in the normal farmland,the output of wheat in the reclaimed refresh and aged contaminated soil was 57.2% and 70.3% of the averaged output of the normal farmland. The above results further confirmed the workability of fungal-bacterial augmented in situ remediation of petroleum contaminated soil and its application potential as well.