硬腭结缔组织游离移植在上颌前牙区种植中的应用

Clinical study of free palatal connective tissue grafts for enhancement of periimplant soft tissue topography in maxillary esthetic area

目的:评估用硬腭结缔组织游离移植关闭即刻种植牙槽嵴顶创口和重建种植体唇侧软组织丰满度的应用效果及技术特点。方法:285例患者,共299个牙位,在北京大学口腔医院种植中心就诊过程中接受了硬腭结缔组织游离移植,以关闭即刻种植后伤口(183例)或增加种植体唇侧软组织丰满度(102例)。所有病例修复后至少追踪1年以上(1至8年)。结果:3例患者4个牙位的结缔组织瓣坏死,295个牙位的结缔组织瓣成活。按Jemt牙间乳头分类达到0度的有3个牙位,Ⅰ度的有26个牙位,Ⅱ度的有127个牙位,Ⅲ度的有18个牙位,Ⅳ度的有0个牙位。种植体唇侧软组织丰满度有87例达到Ⅰ度。结论:用腭部结缔组织游离移植关闭牙槽嵴顶种植创口或重建唇侧软组织丰满度,可改善美学效果,安全可行,效果满意。

Objective ： To evaluate the results and clinical characteristics of free palatal connective tis- sue graft in closing of immediate implant wound and reconstructing of labial soft tissue topography. Methods： A total of 285 cases underwent free palatal connective tissue graft transplantation in the implant treatment from June 1997 to June 2006 were included in this study. All cases were followed up for at least one year （1 to 8 years）. Results： 4 grafts in 3 cases had necrosis. The other 295 grafts survived well. Following Jemt classification of papilla, 127 cases reached Ⅱ degree, and 18 cases reached m degree one year after prostheses. 87 cases had no concave defect of labial soft tissue. Conclusion： It is effective and predictable to preserve and reconstruct periimplant soft tissue topograpgy with palatal free connective tissue grafts in maxillary esthetic area.