徐闻珊瑚礁自然保护区礁栖生物初步研究

A preliminary study on coral-associated communities in the Xuwen Coral Reef conservation

综合2000、2004年的调查结果,徐闻珊瑚礁自然保护区内有造礁石珊瑚12科42种,而保护区的核心区、缓冲区和试验区内珊瑚礁低潮带至潮下带上部的8个断面10个站的大型底栖生物有8类45科101种,其中大多数种类属于印度—太平洋热带区系。优势类群是软体动物和节肢动物,底栖生物的平均生物量、栖息密度和多样性指数分别是1043.37 g/m2、692.37个/m2和5.5228。位于保护区南部核心区的断面Ⅰ和Ⅱ有着最高的多样性(5.1389和5.0077)和均匀度(0.9470和0.9286),而其他分属核心区、缓冲区和试验区的6个断面的多样性指数和均匀度指数差异不大。总体上看,造礁石珊瑚和珊瑚礁的存在为其他底栖生物提供了良好的生态环境,从而丰富了本区底栖生物的种类组成和数量。

8 sections and 10 sites separately dispersed from lower-tidal zone to subtidal zone in the focused area, buffer area and experiment area of Xuwen coral reef conservation are selected in 2000-2004. 12 families and 42 species of scleractinian corals are found there, as well as 8 groups, 45 families and 101 species of associated or- ganism. Most species belong to Indian--West Pacific tropical fauna. The dominant groups are Mollusca and Annelida. The average biomass, density and diversity of macrobenthos were 1 043. 37 g/m^2, 692. 37 Ind/m^2 and 5. 522 8 respectively. The sections of I and Ⅱ, which lie in the focused area of South Xuwen coral reef conservation, have the highest diversity（5. 138 9 and 5. 007 7） and homogeneity（0. 947 0 and 0. 928 6）. But the diversity and homogeneity index have little difference in other 6 sections lying in the focused, buffer and experiment areas. The study shows that the existence of scleractinian corals provides a good ecological environment for the other macrobenthos and makes composition of species and quantity in this region more rich and varied.