含铀矿物对烃源岩生烃影响的热模拟研究

Hydrocarbon-generating thermal simulation of uranium-bearing minerals

采用密闭容器加水的热模拟方法,从生烃组成特征、生烃量等方面,探讨了含铀矿物对烃源岩热解生烃过程的影响。热模拟实验结果表明,在暗色泥岩和煤岩样品中加入含铀矿物后,气态烃和液态烃的生烃量都有比较明显的增加,其中煤岩的气态烃产量平均增加值为34%,而泥岩样品平均增加值也达到了30%以上。液态烃产率分析表明,含铀矿物也促进了泥岩和煤岩的液态烃产率。从泥岩氯仿沥青‘A’族组成分析发现,加入催化剂后泥岩的饱和烃和芳烃在高温阶段具有规律性的明显增大的趋势,反映出非烃和沥青质甚至不溶有机质向相对稳定的饱和烃转化以及芳烃随演化程度增加的高聚合作用。综合以上分析,认为放射性铀对油气生成具有积极的意义。

Based on the thermal simulation method of closed container with water, the authors studied experimentally characteristics of hydrocarbon-generation composition and volume, and probed into the effect of uranium-bearing minerals on the hydrocarbon process. It is suggested that the volumes of gaseous and liquid hydrocarbon obviously increase after the addition of uranium-bearing minerals as catalyzer to mudstone and coal samples. The gaseous hydrocarbon yield of the coal samples increases by 34 % on average, and mudstone samples by 30 % or more. The liquid hydrocarbon productivity shows that the uranium-bearing minerals promote the liquid hy- drocarbon yield of mudstone and coal samples. It is found that the regular increase of saturated hydrocarbon and arene is obvious during the high temperature stage with uranium-bearing minerals as catalyzer, as is shown by analyzing the composition of chloroform asphalt ‘A＇ of mudstone. The authors have reached the conclusion that the high polymerization is increased with the evolution of arene and the non-hydrocarbon and asphalt, and even the insoluble matters can be transformed into saturated hydrocarbon. A comprehensive study shows that the radioactive uranium plays an active role in hydrocarbon generation.