服务导向的广义特殊教育模式

On A Service-oriented Model of Special Education

与西方一些国家流行的以标签为导向的特殊教育模式相对照,本文首次提出了一种以服务为导向的特殊教育模式。这种模式的着眼点是对具有特殊需要的儿童提供广义的特殊教育以及相关服务,其根本任务是集中力量培育服务资源,建立健全综合性的服务传递体制。它要求我们把注意力从儿童个人心理特征的测评和传统的学校成绩评价,转向特殊教育的专业服务资源培育和有效服务体系的制度化建设上来。三级预防的理念和策略,应该是我国发展综合服务性的广义特殊教育的一个基本参照。

In contrast to label - focused special education models practiced for decades in some western countries, a service - oriented model of special education is outlined in this article. Three - leveled prevention, a cascade of educational and related services, extensive resource integration, and service quality control mechanisms, are among the basic features of this new initiative which develops a special education system with more extensive and more need- based services than what exists today in China.