盐度波动对中国对虾稚虾蜕皮、生长和能量收支的影响

Effects of salinity fluctuation on the molt,growth,and energy budget of juvenile Fenneropenaeus chinensis

采用实验生态学方法研究了在盐度为20的条件下,4个盐度波动幅度(2、4、6、8)对中国对虾稚虾蜕皮和生长的影响.结果表明:中国对虾的蜕皮率为13.3%～15.4%,处理间差异未达到显著水平;盐度波动幅度为4的情况下,对虾的特定生长率最大,用在生长上的能量最高,用于呼吸的能量最低,生长迅速;盐度波动幅度为2的情况下,中国对虾的摄食量最低;盐度波动幅度为2和4的情况下,对虾的食物转化效率最高;不同处理中国对虾用在蜕皮上的能量差异不显著.盐度波动幅度过大不利于中国对虾稚虾的生长,但对蜕皮无影响.

By the methods of experimental ecology, this paper studied the effects of 4 salinity fluctuation amplitudes （2, 4, 6, and 8 PSU ） on the molt and growth of juvenile Fenneropenaeus chinensis cultured in the seawater with salinity of 20. The results showed that the proportion of molted F. chinensis ranged from 13.3% to 15.4%, with no significant differences among different treat- ments. When the salinity fluctuation amplitude was 4 PSU, the specific growth rate and the energy consumption for the growth were the highest while the energy consumption for respiration was the lowest, resulting in the rapid growth of F. chinensis. At 2 PSU, the feeding rate was the lowest ; but at 2 and 4 PSU, the feed conversion efficiency was the highest. No significant difference in energy allocation for molt was observed between the four treatments. It was revealed that too large salinity fluctuation was unbeneficial to the growth, but had less effect on the molt of juvenile F. chinensis.